TiDB Lightningコンフィグレーション

このドキュメントでは、グローバル構成とタスク構成のサンプルを提供し、コマンドライン パラメータの使用法について説明します。

コンフィグレーションファイル

TiDB Lightning には「global」と「task」の 2 つの構成クラスがあり、それらは互換性のある構造を持っています。それらの区別は、 サーバーモードが有効になっている場合にのみ発生します。サーバーモードが無効になっている場合 (デフォルト)、 TiDB Lightning は1 つのタスクのみを実行し、同じ構成ファイルがグローバル構成とタスク構成の両方に使用されます。

TiDB Lightning(グローバル)

### tidb-lightning global configuration

[lightning]
# The HTTP port for displaying the web interface, pulling Prometheus metrics, exposing debug data, and submitting import tasks (in server mode). Setting it to 0 disables the port.
status-addr = ':8289'

# Server mode. Defaults to false, which means an import task starts immediately after you execute the command.
# If this value is set to true, after you execute the command, TiDB Lightning waits until you submit an import task in the web interface.
# See the "TiDB Lightning Web Interface" section for details.
server-mode = false

# Logging
level = "info"
file = "tidb-lightning.log"
max-size = 128 # MB
max-days = 28
max-backups = 14

TiDB Lightning(タスク)

### tidb-lightning task configuration

[lightning]
# Checks whether the cluster satisfies the minimum requirement before starting.
#check-requirements = true

# The maximum number of engines to be opened concurrently.
# Each table is split into one "index engine" to store indices, and multiple
# "data engines" to store row data. These settings control the maximum
# concurrent number for each type of engines.
# These values affect the memory and disk usage of tikv-importer.
# The sum of these two values must not exceed the max-open-engines setting
# for tikv-importer.
index-concurrency = 2
table-concurrency = 6

# The concurrency number of data. It is set to the number of logical CPU
# cores by default. When deploying together with other components, you can
# set it to 75% of the size of logical CPU cores to limit the CPU usage.
# region-concurrency =

# The maximum I/O concurrency. Excessive I/O concurrency causes an increase in
# I/O latency because the disk's internal buffer is frequently refreshed,
# which causes the cache miss and slows down the read speed. Depending on the storage
# medium, this value might need to be adjusted for optimal performance.
io-concurrency = 5

# The maximum number of non-fatal errors to tolerate before stopping TiDB Lightning.
# Non-fatal errors are localized to a few rows, and ignoring those rows allows the import process to continue.
# Setting this to N means that TiDB Lightning will stop as soon as possible when the (N+1)-th error is encountered.
# The skipped rows will be inserted into tables inside the "task info" schema on the target TiDB, which can be configured below.
# The default value is `MaxInt64` bytes, that is, 9223372036854775807 bytes.
max-error = 0
# task-info-schema-name is the name of the schema or database that stores TiDB Lightning execution results.
# To disable error recording, set this to an empty string.
# task-info-schema-name = 'lightning_task_info'

# In parallel import mode, the schema name that stores the meta information for each TiDB Lightning instance in the target cluster. By default, the value is "lightning_metadata".
# Configure this parameter only if parallel import is enabled.
# **Note:**
# - The value set for this parameter must be the same for each TiDB Lightning instance that participates in the same parallel import; otherwise, the correctness of the imported data cannot be ensured.
# - If parallel import mode is enabled, make sure that the user used for import (for the tidb.user configuration) has permissions to create and access the databases corresponding to this configuration.
# - TiDB Lightning removes this schema after the import is completed. So do not use any existing schema name to configure this parameter.
meta-schema-name = "lightning_metadata"

[security]
# Specifies certificates and keys for TLS connections within the cluster.
# Public certificate of the CA. Leave empty to disable TLS.
# ca-path = "/path/to/ca.pem"
# Public certificate of this service.
# cert-path = "/path/to/lightning.pem"
# Private key of this service.
# key-path = "/path/to/lightning.key"

[checkpoint]
# Whether to enable checkpoints.
# While importing data, TiDB Lightning records which tables have been imported, so
# even if TiDB Lightning or another component crashes, you can start from a known
# good state instead of restarting from scratch.
enable = true
# The schema name (database name) to store the checkpoints.
schema = "tidb_lightning_checkpoint"
# Where to store the checkpoints.
#  - file:  store as a local file.
#  - mysql: store into a remote MySQL-compatible database
driver = "file"
# The data source name (DSN) indicating the location of the checkpoint storage.
# For the "file" driver, the DSN is a path. If the path is not specified, TiDB Lightning would
# default to "/tmp/CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA.pb".
# For the "mysql" driver, the DSN is a URL in the form of "USER:PASS@tcp(HOST:PORT)/".
# If the URL is not specified, the TiDB server from the [tidb] section is used to
# store the checkpoints. You should specify a different MySQL-compatible
# database server to reduce the load of the target TiDB cluster.
# dsn = "/tmp/tidb_lightning_checkpoint.pb"
# Whether to keep the checkpoints after all data are imported. If false, the
# checkpoints will be deleted. Keeping the checkpoints can aid debugging but
# will leak metadata about the data source.
# keep-after-success = false

[tikv-importer]
# "local": Physical import mode, used by default. It applies to large dataset import, for example, greater than 1 TiB. However, during the import, downstream TiDB is not available to provide services.
# "tidb": Logical import mode. You can use this mode for small dataset import, for example, smaller than 1 TiB. During the import, downstream TiDB is available to provide services.
# backend = "local"
# Whether to enable multiple TiDB Lightning instances (in physical import mode) to import data to one or more target tables in parallel. The default value is `false`.
# When you use parallel import mode, you must set the parameter to `true`, but the premise is that no data exists in the target table, that is, all data can only be imported by TiDB Lightning. Note that this parameter **is not for incremental data import** and is only used in scenarios where the target table is empty.
# incremental-import = false

# The listening address of tikv-importer when backend is "importer". Change it to the actual address.
addr = "172.16.31.10:8287"
# Action to do when trying to insert a conflicting record in the logical import mode. For more information on the conflict detection, see the document: https://docs.pingcap.com/tidb/dev/tidb-lightning-logical-import-mode-usage#conflict-detection
#  - replace: use new entry to replace the existing entry
#  - ignore: keep the existing entry, and ignore the new entry
#  - error: report error and quit the program
# on-duplicate = "replace"

# Whether to detect and resolve duplicate records (unique key conflict) in the physical import mode.
# The following resolution algorithms are supported:
#  - record: After the data is written to the target table, add the duplicate records from the target table to the `lightning_task_info.conflict_error_v1` table in the target TiDB. Note that the required version of the target TiKV is no earlier than v5.2.0; otherwise it falls back to 'none'.
#  - none: does not detect duplicate records, which has the best performance of the three algorithms. But if there are duplicate records in the data source, it might lead to inconsistent data in the target TiDB.
#  - remove: records all duplicate records in the target table to the lightning_task_info database, like the 'record' algorithm. But it removes all duplicate records from the target table to ensure a consistent state in the target TiDB.
# duplicate-resolution = 'none'
# The number of KV pairs sent in one request in the physical import mode.
# send-kv-pairs = 32768
# The directory of local KV sorting in the physical import mode. If the disk
# performance is low (such as in HDD), it is recommended to set the directory
# on a different disk from `data-source-dir` to improve import speed.
# sorted-kv-dir = ""
# The concurrency that TiKV writes KV data in the physical import mode.
# When the network transmission speed between TiDB Lightning and TiKV
# exceeds 10 Gigabit, you can increase this value accordingly.
# range-concurrency = 16
# Limits the bandwidth in which TiDB Lightning writes data into each TiKV
# node in the physical import mode. 0 by default, which means no limit.
# store-write-bwlimit = "128MiB"

# Specifies the disk quota for local temporary files when physical import mode is used.
# When the disk quota is insufficient, TiDB Lightning stops reading source data and writing temporary files,
# but prioritizes writing the already sorted key-value pairs to TiKV.
# After TiDB Lightning deletes the local temporary files, the import process continues.
# This option takes effect only when you set the `backend` option to `local`.
# The default value is `MaxInt64` bytes, that is, 9223372036854775807 bytes.
# disk-quota = "10GB"

[mydumper]
# Block size for file reading. Keep it longer than the longest string of the data source.
read-block-size = "64KiB" # default value

# The engine file needs to be imported sequentially. Due to parallel processing,
# multiple data engines will be imported at nearly the same time, and this
# creates a queue and wastes resources. Therefore, TiDB Lightning slightly
# increases the size of the first few batches to properly distribute
# resources. The scale up factor is controlled by this parameter, which
# expresses the ratio of duration between the "import" and "write" steps
# with full concurrency. This can be calculated by using the ratio
# (import duration/write duration) of a single table of size around 1 GiB.
# The exact timing can be found in the log. If "import" is faster, the batch
# size variance is smaller, and a ratio of zero means a uniform batch size.
# This value should be in the range (0 <= batch-import-ratio < 1).
batch-import-ratio = 0.75

# Local source data directory or the URL of the external storage.
data-source-dir = "/data/my_database"

# The character set of the schema files, containing CREATE TABLE statements;
# only supports one of:
#  - utf8mb4: the schema files must be encoded as UTF-8; otherwise, an error is reported.
#  - gb18030: the schema files must be encoded as GB-18030; otherwise,
#             an error is reported
#  - auto:    (default) automatically detects whether the schema is UTF-8 or
#             GB-18030. An error is reported if the encoding is neither.
#  - binary:  do not try to decode the schema files
character-set = "auto"

# Specifies the character set of the source data file. Lightning converts the source file from the specified character set to UTF-8 encoding when importing.
# Currently, this configuration only specifies the character set of the CSV files with the following options supported:
# - utf8mb4: Indicates that the source data file uses UTF-8 encoding.
# - GB18030: Indicates that the source data file uses the GB-18030 encoding.
# - GBK: The source data file uses GBK encoding (GBK encoding is an extension of the GB-2312 character set, also known as Code Page 936).
# - binary: Indicates that Lightning does not convert the encoding (by default).
# If left blank, the default value "binary" is used, that is to say, Lightning does not convert the encoding.
# Note that Lightning does not predict about the character set of the source data file and only converts the source file and import the data based on this configuration.
# If the value of this configuration is not the same as the actual encoding of the source data file, a failed import, data loss or data disorder might appear.
data-character-set = "binary"
# Specifies the replacement character in case of incompatible characters during the character set conversion of the source data file.
# This configuration must not be duplicated with field separators, quote definers, and line breaks.
# The default value is "\uFFFD", which is the "error" Rune or Unicode replacement character in UTF-8 encoding.
# Changing the default value might result in potential degradation of parsing performance for the source data file.
data-invalid-char-replace = "\uFFFD"

# the input data in a "strict" format speeds up processing.
# "strict-format = true" requires that:
# in CSV, every value cannot contain literal new lines (U+000A and U+000D, or \r and \n) even
# when quoted, which means new lines are strictly used to separate rows.
# "Strict" format allows TiDB Lightning to quickly locate split positions of a large file for parallel processing.
# However, if the input data is not "strict", it may split a valid data in half and
# corrupt the result.
# The default value is false for safety instead of speed.
strict-format = false

# If strict-format is true, TiDB Lightning splits large CSV files into multiple chunks to process in
# parallel. max-region-size is the maximum size of each chunk after splitting.
# max-region-size = "256MiB" # default value

# Only import tables if these wildcard rules are matched. See the corresponding section for details.
filter = ['*.*', '!mysql.*', '!sys.*', '!INFORMATION_SCHEMA.*', '!PERFORMANCE_SCHEMA.*', '!METRICS_SCHEMA.*', '!INSPECTION_SCHEMA.*']

# Configures how CSV files are parsed.
[mydumper.csv]
# Separator between fields. Must not be empty.
separator = ','
# Quoting delimiter. Empty value means no quoting.
delimiter = '"'
# Line terminator. Empty value means both "\n" (LF) and "\r\n" (CRLF) are line terminators.
terminator = ''
# Whether the CSV files contain a header.
# If `header` is true, the first line will be skipped.
header = true
# Whether the CSV contains any NULL value.
# If `not-null` is true, all columns from CSV cannot be NULL.
not-null = false
# When `not-null` is false (that is, CSV can contain NULL),
# fields equal to this value will be treated as NULL.
null = '\N'
# Whether to interpret backslash escapes inside fields.
backslash-escape = true
# If a line ends with a separator, remove it.
trim-last-separator = false

# [[mydumper.files]]
# Expression used for parsing AWS Aurora parquet files
# pattern = '(?i)^(?:[^/]*/)*([a-z0-9_]+)\.([a-z0-9_]+)/(?:[^/]*/)*(?:[a-z0-9\-_.]+\.(parquet))$'
# schema = '$1'
# table = '$2'
# type = '$3'

[tidb]
# Configuration of any TiDB server from the cluster.
host = "172.16.31.1"
port = 4000
user = "root"
# Configure the password to connect to TiDB. The password can either be plaintext or Base64 encoded.
password = ""
# Table schema information is fetched from TiDB via this status-port.
status-port = 10080
# Address of any PD server from the cluster.
pd-addr = "172.16.31.4:2379"
# tidb-lightning imports TiDB as a library and generates some logs itself.
# This setting controls the log level of the TiDB library.
log-level = "error"

# Sets the TiDB session variable to speed up the Checksum and Analyze operations.
# See https://pingcap.com/docs/dev/reference/performance/statistics/#control-analyze-concurrency
# for the meaning of each setting
build-stats-concurrency = 20
distsql-scan-concurrency = 15
index-serial-scan-concurrency = 20
checksum-table-concurrency = 2

# The default SQL mode used to parse and execute the SQL statements.
sql-mode = "ONLY_FULL_GROUP_BY,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION"
# Sets maximum packet size allowed for SQL connections.
# Set this to 0 to automatically fetch the `max_allowed_packet` variable from server on every connection.
max-allowed-packet = 67_108_864

# Whether to use TLS for SQL connections. Valid values are:
#  * ""            - force TLS (same as "cluster") if [tidb.security] section is populated, otherwise same as "false"
#  * "false"       - disable TLS
#  * "cluster"     - force TLS and verify the server's certificate with the CA specified in the [tidb.security] section
#  * "skip-verify" - force TLS but do not verify the server's certificate (insecure!)
#  * "preferred"   - same as "skip-verify", but if the server does not support TLS, fallback to unencrypted connection
# tls = ""

# Specifies certificates and keys for TLS-enabled MySQL connections.
# Defaults to a copy of the [security] section.
# [tidb.security]
# Public certificate of the CA. Set to empty string to disable TLS for SQL.
# ca-path = "/path/to/ca.pem"
# Public certificate of this service. Default to copy of `security.cert-path`
# cert-path = "/path/to/lightning.pem"
# Private key of this service. Default to copy of `security.key-path`
# key-path = "/path/to/lightning.key"

# In the physical import mode, when data importing is complete, tidb-lightning can
# automatically perform the Checksum and Analyze operations. It is recommended
# to leave these as true in the production environment.
# The execution order: Checksum -> Analyze.
# In the logical import mode, Checksum and Analyze is not needed, and they are always
# skipped in the actual operation.
[post-restore]
# Specifies whether to perform `ADMIN CHECKSUM TABLE <table>` for each table to verify data integrity after importing.
# The following options are available:
# - "required" (default value): Perform admin checksum. If checksum fails, TiDB Lightning will exit with failure.
# - "optional": Perform admin checksum. If checksum fails, TiDB Lightning will report a WARN log but ignore any error.
# - "off": Do not perform checksum.
# Note that since v4.0.8, the default value has changed from "true" to "required".
# For backward compatibility, bool values "true" and "false" are also allowed for this field.
# "true" is equivalent to "required" and "false" is equivalent to "off".
checksum = "required"
# Specifies whether to perform `ANALYZE TABLE <table>` for each table after checksum is done.
# Options available for this field are the same as `checksum`. However, the default value for this field is "optional".
analyze = "optional"

# If the value is set to `true`, a level-1 compaction is performed
# every time a table is imported.
# The default value is `false`.
level-1-compact = false

# If the value is set to `true`, a full compaction on the whole
# TiKV cluster is performed at the end of the import.
# The default value is `false`.
compact = false

# Configures the background periodic actions.
# Supported units: h (hour), m (minute), s (second).
[cron]
# Duration between which TiDB Lightning automatically refreshes the import mode
# status. Should be shorter than the corresponding TiKV setting.
switch-mode = "5m"
# Duration between which an import progress is printed to the log.
log-progress = "5m"
# The time interval for checking the local disk quota when you use the physical import mode.
# The default value is 60 seconds.
# check-disk-quota = "60s"

コマンド ライン パラメータ

tidb-lightningの使い方

コマンド ライン パラメーターと構成ファイル内の対応する設定の両方が指定されている場合は、コマンド ライン パラメーターが使用されます。たとえば、 ./tidb-lightning -L debug --config cfg.tomlを実行すると、 cfg.tomlの内容に関係なく、常にログ レベルが「debug」に設定されます。

tidb-lightning-ctlの使い方

このツールは、次のパラメーターのいずれかを指定して、さまざまなアクションを実行できます。

tablename は、形式`db`.`tbl` (逆引用符を含む) の修飾テーブル名か、キーワード「all」のいずれかでなければなりません。

さらに、上記のセクションで説明したtidb-lightningのすべてのパラメーターはtidb-lightning-ctlで有効です。