Connect to TiDB with MyBatis

TiDB is a MySQL-compatible database, and MyBatis is a popular open-source Java ORM.

In this tutorial, you can learn how to use TiDB and MyBatis to accomplish the following tasks:

• Set up your environment.
• Connect to your TiDB cluster using MyBatis.
• Build and run your application. Optionally, you can find sample code snippets for basic CRUD operations.

Prerequisites

To complete this tutorial, you need:

• Java Development Kit (JDK) 17 or higher. You can choose OpenJDK or Oracle JDK based on your business and personal requirements.
• Maven 3.8 or higher.
• Git.
• A TiDB cluster.

If you don't have a TiDB cluster, you can create one as follows:

• (Recommended) Follow Creating a TiDB Cloud Serverless cluster to create your own TiDB Cloud cluster.
• Follow Deploy a local test TiDB cluster or Deploy a production TiDB cluster to create a local cluster.

Run the sample app to connect to TiDB

This section demonstrates how to run the sample application code and connect to TiDB.

Step 1: Clone the sample app repository

Run the following commands in your terminal window to clone the sample code repository:

git clone https://github.com/tidb-samples/tidb-java-mybatis-quickstart.git
cd tidb-java-mybatis-quickstart

Step 2: Configure connection information

Connect to your TiDB cluster depending on the TiDB deployment option you've selected.

• TiDB Cloud Serverless
• TiDB Cloud Dedicated
• TiDB Self-Managed

Step 3: Run the code and check the result

1. Execute the following command to run the sample code:

   make
   

2. Check the Expected-Output.txt to see if the output matches.

Sample code snippets

You can refer to the following sample code snippets to complete your own application development.

For complete sample code and how to run it, check out the tidb-samples/tidb-java-mybatis-quickstart repository.

Connect to TiDB

Edit the MyBatis configuration file mybatis-config.xml:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <settings>
        <setting name="cacheEnabled" value="true"/>
        <setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="false"/>
        <setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/>
        <setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J"/>
    </settings>

    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <!-- JDBC transaction manager -->
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <!-- Database pool -->
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="${tidb_jdbc_url}"/>
                <property name="username" value="${tidb_user}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${tidb_password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <mapper resource="${mapper_location}.xml"/>
    </mappers>
</configuration>

Be sure to replace ${tidb_jdbc_url}, ${tidb_user}, and ${tidb_password} with the actual values of your TiDB cluster. Also, replace ${mapper_location} with the path of your mapper XML configuration file. For multiple mapper XML configuration files, you need to add a <mapper/> tag for each. Then, define the following function:

public SqlSessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
    InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("mybatis-config.xml");
    SqlSessionFactory sessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
}

Insert data

Add a node in the mapper XML and add a function with the same name in the interface class configured in the mapper.namespace attribute of the XML configuration file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pingcap.model.PlayerMapper">
    <insert id="insert" parameterType="com.pingcap.model.Player">
    insert into player (id, coins, goods)
    values (#{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}, #{coins,jdbcType=INTEGER}, #{goods,jdbcType=INTEGER})
    </insert>
</mapper>

For more information, refer to Insert data.

Query data

Add a node in the mapper XML and add a function with the same name in the interface class configured in the mapper.namespace attribute of the XML configuration file. Specifically, if you use resultMap as the return type for MyBatis query functions, make sure that the <resultMap/> node is configured correctly.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pingcap.model.PlayerMapper">
    <resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="com.pingcap.model.Player">
        <constructor>
            <idArg column="id" javaType="java.lang.String" jdbcType="VARCHAR" />
            <arg column="coins" javaType="java.lang.Integer" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
            <arg column="goods" javaType="java.lang.Integer" jdbcType="INTEGER" />
        </constructor>
    </resultMap>

    <select id="selectByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.String" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
    select id, coins, goods
    from player
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
    </select>
</mapper>

For more information, refer to Query data.

Update data

Add a node in the mapper XML and add a function with the same name in the interface class configured in the mapper.namespace attribute of the XML configuration file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pingcap.model.PlayerMapper">
    <update id="updateByPrimaryKey" parameterType="com.pingcap.model.Player">
    update player
    set coins = #{coins,jdbcType=INTEGER},
      goods = #{goods,jdbcType=INTEGER}
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
    </update>
</mapper>

For more information, refer to Update data.

Delete data

Add a node in the mapper XML and add a function with the same name in the interface class configured in the mapper.namespace attribute of the XML configuration file:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.pingcap.model.PlayerMapper">
    <delete id="deleteByPrimaryKey" parameterType="java.lang.String">
    delete from player
    where id = #{id,jdbcType=VARCHAR}
    </delete>
</mapper>

For more information, refer to Delete data.

Next steps

• Learn more usage of MyBatis from the documentation of MyBatis.
• Learn the best practices for TiDB application development with the chapters in the Developer guide, such as Insert data, Update data, Delete data, Single table reading, Transactions, and SQL performance optimization.
• Learn through the professional TiDB developer courses and earn TiDB certifications after passing the exam.
• Learn through the course for Java developers: Working with TiDB from Java.

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