Software and Hardware Recommendations

As an open-source distributed SQL database with high performance, TiDB can be deployed in the Intel architecture server, ARM architecture server, and major virtualization environments and runs well. TiDB supports most of the major hardware networks and Linux operating systems.

OS and platform requirements

Starting from v6.1.1, TiDB provides multi-level support for different quality standards on the combination of operating systems and CPU architectures.

For the following combinations of operating systems and CPU architectures, TiDB provides enterprise-level production quality, and the product features have been comprehensively and systematically verified:

Operating systems	Supported CPU architectures
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.4 or a later 8.x version	x86_64 ARM 64
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7.3 or a later 7.x version CentOS 7.3 or a later 7.x version	x86_64 ARM 64
Amazon Linux 2	x86_64 ARM 64
Kylin V10 SP1/SP2	x86_64 ARM 64
UnionTech OS (UOS) V20	x86_64 ARM 64

Note

According to CentOS Linux EOL, the upstream support for CentOS Linux 8 ended on December 31, 2021. CentOS Stream 8 continues to be supported by the CentOS organization.

For the following combinations of operating systems and CPU architectures, you can compile, build, and deploy TiDB. In addition, you can also use the basic features of OLTP, OLAP, and the data tools. However, TiDB does not guarantee enterprise-level production quality:

Operating systems	Supported CPU architectures
macOS Catalina or later (For v6.1.2 and later versions, only macOS 12 (Monterey) or later is supported)	x86_64 ARM 64
Oracle Enterprise Linux 7.3 or a later 7.x version	x86_64
Ubuntu LTS 18.04 or later	x86_64
CentOS 8 Stream	x86_64 ARM 64
Debian 9 (Stretch) or later	x86_64
Fedora 35 or later	x86_64
openSUSE Leap later than v15.3 (not including Tumbleweed)	x86_64
SUSE Linux Enterprise Server 15	x86_64

Note

For Oracle Enterprise Linux, TiDB supports the Red Hat Compatible Kernel (RHCK) and does not support the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel provided by Oracle Enterprise Linux.
Support for Ubuntu 16.04 will be removed in future versions of TiDB. Upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 or later is strongly recommended.

If you are using the 32-bit version of an operating system listed in the preceding two tables, TiDB is not guaranteed to be compilable, buildable or deployable on the 32-bit operating system and the corresponding CPU architecture, or TiDB does not actively adapt to the 32-bit operating system.
Other operating system versions not mentioned above might work but are not officially supported.

Linux OS	Version
Red Hat Enterprise Linux	7.3 or later 7.x versions
CentOS	7.3 or later 7.x versions
Oracle Enterprise Linux	7.3 or later 7.x versions
Amazon Linux	2
Ubuntu LTS	16.04 or later

Note

For Oracle Enterprise Linux, TiDB supports the Red Hat Compatible Kernel (RHCK) and does not support the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel provided by Oracle Enterprise Linux.
A large number of TiDB tests have been run on the CentOS 7.3 system, and in our community there are a lot of best practices in which TiDB is deployed on the Linux operating system. Therefore, it is recommended to deploy TiDB on CentOS 7.3 or later.
The support for the Linux operating systems above includes the deployment and operation in physical servers as well as in major virtualized environments like VMware, KVM and XEN.
Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8.0, CentOS 8 Stream, and Oracle Enterprise Linux 8.0 are not supported yet as the testing of these platforms is in progress.
According to CentOS Linux EOL, the upstream support for CentOS ended on December 31, 2021.
Support for Ubuntu 16.04 will be removed in future versions of TiDB. Upgrading to Ubuntu 18.04 or later is strongly recommended.

Other Linux OS versions such as Debian Linux and Fedora Linux might work but are not officially supported.

Libraries required for compiling and running TiDB

Libraries required for compiling and building TiDB	Version
Golang	For TiDB v6.1.0, v6.1.1, and v6.1.2: 1.18 or later For TiDB v6.1.3: 1.19.3 or later
Rust	nightly-2022-07-31 or later
GCC	7.x
LLVM	13.0 or later

Library required for running TiDB: glibc (2.28-151.el8 version）

Software recommendations

Control machine

Software	Version
sshpass	1.06 or later
TiUP	1.5.0 or later

Note

It is required that you deploy TiUP on the control machine to operate and manage TiDB clusters.

Target machines

Software	Version
sshpass	1.06 or later
numa	2.0.12 or later
tar	any

Server recommendations

You can deploy and run TiDB on the 64-bit generic hardware server platform in the Intel x86-64 architecture or on the hardware server platform in the ARM architecture. The requirements and recommendations about server hardware configuration (ignoring the resources occupied by the operating system itself) for development, test, and production environments are as follows:

Development and test environments

Component	CPU	Memory	Local Storage	Network	Instance Number (Minimum Requirement)
TiDB	8 core+	16 GB+	No special requirements	Gigabit network card	1 (can be deployed on the same machine with PD)
PD	4 core+	8 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1 (can be deployed on the same machine with TiDB)
TiKV	8 core+	32 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	3
TiFlash	32 core+	64 GB+	SSD, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1
TiCDC	8 core+	16 GB+	SAS, 200 GB+	Gigabit network card	1

Note

In the test environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server.
For performance-related test, do not use low-performance storage and network hardware configuration, in order to guarantee the correctness of the test result.
For the TiKV server, it is recommended to use NVMe SSDs to ensure faster reads and writes.
If you only want to test and verify the features, follow Quick Start Guide for TiDB to deploy TiDB on a single machine.
The TiDB server uses the disk to store server logs, so there are no special requirements for the disk type and capacity in the test environment.

Production environment

Component	CPU	Memory	Hard Disk Type	Network	Instance Number (Minimum Requirement)
TiDB	16 core+	48 GB+	SAS	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
PD	8 core+	16 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	3
TiKV	16 core+	64 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	3
TiFlash	48 core+	128 GB+	1 or more SSDs	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
TiCDC	16 core+	64 GB+	SSD	10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred)	2
Monitor	8 core+	16 GB+	SAS	Gigabit network card	1

Note

In the production environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server. If you have a higher requirement for performance and reliability, try to deploy them separately.
It is strongly recommended to use higher configuration in the production environment.
It is recommended to keep the size of TiKV hard disk within 2 TB if you are using PCIe SSDs or within 1.5 TB if you are using regular SSDs.

Before you deploy TiFlash, note the following items:

TiFlash can be deployed on multiple disks.
It is recommended to use a high-performance SSD as the first disk of the TiFlash data directory to buffer the real-time replication of TiKV data. The performance of this disk should not be lower than that of TiKV, such as PCI-E SSD. The disk capacity should be no less than 10% of the total capacity; otherwise, it might become the bottleneck of this node. You can deploy ordinary SSDs for other disks, but note that a better PCI-E SSD brings better performance.
It is recommended to deploy TiFlash on different nodes from TiKV. If you must deploy TiFlash and TiKV on the same node, increase the number of CPU cores and memory, and try to deploy TiFlash and TiKV on different disks to avoid interfering each other.
The total capacity of the TiFlash disks is calculated in this way: the data volume of the entire TiKV cluster to be replicated / the number of TiKV replicas * the number of TiFlash replicas. For example, if the overall planned capacity of TiKV is 1 TB, the number of TiKV replicas is 3, and the number of TiFlash replicas is 2, then the recommended total capacity of TiFlash is 1024 GB / 3 * 2. You can replicate only the data of some tables. In such case, determine the TiFlash capacity according to the data volume of the tables to be replicated.

Before you deploy TiCDC, note that it is recommended to deploy TiCDC on PCIe-SSD disks larger than 1 TB.

Network requirements

As an open-source distributed SQL database, TiDB requires the following network port configuration to run. Based on the TiDB deployment in actual environments, the administrator can open relevant ports in the network side and host side.

Component	Default Port	Description
TiDB	4000	the communication port for the application and DBA tools
TiDB	10080	the communication port to report TiDB status
TiKV	20160	the TiKV communication port
TiKV	20180	the communication port to report TiKV status
PD	2379	the communication port between TiDB and PD
PD	2380	the inter-node communication port within the PD cluster
TiFlash	9000	the TiFlash TCP service port
TiFlash	8123	the TiFlash HTTP service port
TiFlash	3930	the TiFlash RAFT and Coprocessor service port
TiFlash	20170	the TiFlash Proxy service port
TiFlash	20292	the port for Prometheus to pull TiFlash Proxy metrics
TiFlash	8234	the port for Prometheus to pull TiFlash metrics
Pump	8250	the Pump communication port
Drainer	8249	the Drainer communication port
TiCDC	8300	the TiCDC communication port
Monitoring	9090	the communication port for the Prometheus service
Monitoring	12020	the communication port for the NgMonitoring service
Node_exporter	9100	the communication port to report the system information of every TiDB cluster node
Blackbox_exporter	9115	the Blackbox_exporter communication port, used to monitor the ports in the TiDB cluster
Grafana	3000	the port for the external Web monitoring service and client (Browser) access
Alertmanager	9093	the port for the alert web service
Alertmanager	9094	the alert communication port

Disk space requirements

Component	Disk space requirement	Healthy disk usage
TiDB	At least 30 GB for the log disk	Lower than 90%
PD	At least 20 GB for the data disk and for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 90%
TiKV	At least 100 GB for the data disk and for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 80%
TiFlash	At least 100 GB for the data disk and at least 30 GB for the log disk, respectively	Lower than 80%
TiUP	Control machine: No more than 1 GB space is required for deploying a TiDB cluster of a single version. The space required increases if TiDB clusters of multiple versions are deployed. Deployment servers (machines where the TiDB components run): TiFlash occupies about 700 MB space and other components (such as PD, TiDB, and TiKV) occupy about 200 MB space respectively. During the cluster deployment process, the TiUP cluster requires less than 1 MB of temporary space (`/tmp` directory) to store temporary files.	N/A
Ngmonitoring	Conprof: 3 x 1 GB x Number of components (each component occupies about 1 GB per day, 3 days in total) + 20 GB reserved space Top SQL: 30 x 50 MB x Number of components (each component occupies about 50 MB per day, 30 days in total) Conprof and Top SQL share the reserved space	N/A

Web browser requirements

TiDB relies on Grafana to provide visualization of database metrics. A recent version of Internet Explorer, Chrome or Firefox with Javascript enabled is sufficient.

Software and Hardware Recommendations

OS and platform requirements

Libraries required for compiling and running TiDB

Software recommendations

Control machine

Target machines

Server recommendations

Development and test environments

Production environment

Network requirements

Disk space requirements

Web browser requirements

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