- Introduction
- Concepts
- Architecture
- Key Features
- Horizontal Scalability
- MySQL Compatible Syntax
- Replicate from and to MySQL
- Distributed Transactions with Strong Consistency
- Cloud Native Architecture
- Minimize ETL with HTAP
- Fault Tolerance & Recovery with Raft
- Automatic Rebalancing
- Deployment and Orchestration with Ansible, Kubernetes, Docker
- JSON Support
- Spark Integration
- Read Historical Data Without Restoring from Backup
- Fast Import and Restore of Data
- Hybrid of Column and Row Storage
- SQL Plan Management
- Open Source
- Online Schema Changes
- How-to
- Get Started
- Deploy
- Hardware Recommendations
- From Binary Tarball
- Orchestrated Deployment
- Geographic Redundancy
- Data Migration with Ansible
- Configure
- Secure
- Transport Layer Security (TLS)
- Generate Self-signed Certificates
- Monitor
- Migrate
- Maintain
- Scale
- Upgrade
- Troubleshoot
- Reference
- SQL
- MySQL Compatibility
- SQL Language Structure
- Data Types
- Functions and Operators
- Function and Operator Reference
- Type Conversion in Expression Evaluation
- Operators
- Control Flow Functions
- String Functions
- Numeric Functions and Operators
- Date and Time Functions
- Bit Functions and Operators
- Cast Functions and Operators
- Encryption and Compression Functions
- Information Functions
- JSON Functions
- Aggregate (GROUP BY) Functions
- Miscellaneous Functions
- Precision Math
- SQL Statements
ADD COLUMNADD INDEXADMINADMIN CANCEL DDLADMIN CHECKSUM TABLEADMIN CHECK [TABLE|INDEX]ADMIN SHOW DDL [JOBS|QUERIES]ALTER DATABASEALTER TABLEALTER USERANALYZE TABLEBEGINCHANGE COLUMNCOMMITCREATE DATABASECREATE INDEXCREATE TABLE LIKECREATE TABLECREATE USERDEALLOCATEDELETEDESCDESCRIBEDODROP COLUMNDROP DATABASEDROP INDEXDROP TABLEDROP USEREXECUTEEXPLAIN ANALYZEEXPLAINFLUSH PRIVILEGESFLUSH STATUSFLUSH TABLESGRANT <privileges>INSERTKILL [TIDB]LOAD DATALOAD STATSMODIFY COLUMNPREPARERENAME INDEXRENAME TABLEREPLACEREVOKE <privileges>ROLLBACKSELECTSET [NAMES|CHARACTER SET]SET PASSWORDSET TRANSACTIONSET [GLOBAL|SESSION] <variable>SHOW CHARACTER SETSHOW COLLATIONSHOW [FULL] COLUMNS FROMSHOW CREATE TABLESHOW DATABASESSHOW ENGINESSHOW ERRORSSHOW [FULL] FIELDS FROMSHOW GRANTSSHOW INDEXES [FROM|IN]SHOW INDEX [FROM|IN]SHOW KEYS [FROM|IN]SHOW PRIVILEGESSHOW [FULL] PROCESSSLISTSHOW SCHEMASSHOW STATUSSHOW [FULL] TABLESSHOW TABLE STATUSSHOW [GLOBAL|SESSION] VARIABLESSHOW WARNINGSSTART TRANSACTIONTRACETRUNCATEUPDATEUSE
- Constraints
- Generated Columns
- Character Set
- Configuration
- Security
- Transactions
- System Databases
- Errors Codes
- Supported Client Drivers
- Garbage Collection (GC)
- Performance
- Key Monitoring Metrics
- Alert Rules
- Best Practices
- TiSpark
- TiDB Binlog
- Tools
- Overview
- Use Cases
- Download
- Mydumper
- Syncer
- Loader
- TiDB Data Migration
- TiDB Lightning
- sync-diff-inspector
- PD Control
- PD Recover
- TiKV Control
- TiDB Control
- FAQs
- Support
- Contribute
- Releases
- All Releases
- v2.1
- v2.0
- v1.0
- Glossary
Important
You are viewing the documentation of an older version of the TiDB database (TiDB v2.1).
It is recommended that you use the latest LTS version of the TiDB database.
Software and Hardware Recommendations
About
As an open source distributed NewSQL database with high performance, TiDB can be deployed in the Intel architecture server and major virtualization environments and runs well. TiDB supports most of the major hardware networks and Linux operating systems.
Linux OS version requirements
| Linux OS Platform | Version |
|---|---|
| Red Hat Enterprise Linux | 7.3 or later |
| CentOS | 7.3 or later |
| Oracle Enterprise Linux | 7.3 or later |
| Ubuntu LTS | 16.04 or later |
Note
- For Oracle Enterprise Linux, TiDB supports the Red Hat Compatible Kernel (RHCK) and does not support the Unbreakable Enterprise Kernel provided by Oracle Enterprise Linux.
- A large number of TiDB tests have been run on the CentOS 7.3 system, and in our community there are a lot of best practices in which TiDB is deployed on the Linux operating system. Therefore, it is recommended to deploy TiDB on CentOS 7.3 or later.
- The support for the Linux operating systems above includes the deployment and operation in physical servers as well as in major virtualized environments like VMware, KVM and XEN.
Server recommendations
You can deploy and run TiDB on the 64-bit generic hardware server platform in the Intel x86-64 architecture. The requirements and recommendations about server hardware configuration (ignoring the resources occupied by the operating system itself) for development, test, and production environments are as follows:
Development and test environments
| Component | CPU | Memory | Local Storage | Network | Instance Number (Minimum Requirement) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TiDB | 8 core+ | 16 GB+ | No special requirements | Gigabit network card | 1 (can be deployed on the same machine with PD) |
| PD | 4 core+ | 8 GB+ | SAS, 200 GB+ | Gigabit network card | 1 (can be deployed on the same machine with TiDB) |
| TiKV | 8 core+ | 32 GB+ | SAS, 200 GB+ | Gigabit network card | 3 |
| Total Server Number | 4 |
Note
- In the test environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server.
- For performance-related test, do not use low-performance storage and network hardware configuration, in order to guarantee the correctness of the test result.
- For the TiKV server, it is recommended to use NVMe SSDs to ensure faster reads and writes.
- The TiDB server uses the disk to store server logs, so there are no special requirements for the disk type and capacity in the test environment.
Production environment
| Component | CPU | Memory | Hard Disk Type | Network | Instance Number (Minimum Requirement) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TiDB | 16 core+ | 32 GB+ | SAS | 10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred) | 2 |
| PD | 4 core+ | 8 GB+ | SSD | 10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred) | 3 |
| TiKV | 16 core+ | 32 GB+ | SSD | 10 Gigabit network card (2 preferred) | 3 |
| Monitor | 8 core+ | 16 GB+ | SAS | Gigabit network card | 1 |
| Total Server Number | 9 |
Note
- In the production environment, the TiDB and PD instances can be deployed on the same server. If you have a higher requirement for performance and reliability, try to deploy them separately.
- It is strongly recommended to use higher configuration in the production environment.
- It is recommended to keep the size of TiKV hard disk within 2 TB if you are using PCIe SSDs or within 1.5 TB if you are using regular SSDs.
Network requirements
As an open source distributed NewSQL database, TiDB requires the following network port configuration to run. Based on the TiDB deployment in actual environments, the administrator can open relevant ports in the network side and host side.
| Component | Default Port | Description |
|---|---|---|
| TiDB | 4000 | the communication port for the application and DBA tools |
| TiDB | 10080 | the communication port to report TiDB status |
| TiKV | 20160 | the TiKV communication port |
| TiKV | 20180 | the communication port to report TiKV status |
| PD | 2379 | the communication port between TiDB and PD |
| PD | 2380 | the inter-node communication port within the PD cluster |
| Pump | 8250 | the Pump communication port |
| Drainer | 8249 | the Drainer communication port |
| Prometheus | 9090 | the communication port for the Prometheus service |
| Pushgateway | 9091 | the aggregation and report port for TiDB, TiKV, and PD monitor |
| Node_exporter | 9100 | the communication port to report the system information of every TiDB cluster node |
| Blackbox_exporter | 9115 | the Blackbox_exporter communication port, used to monitor the ports in the TiDB cluster |
| Grafana | 3000 | the port for the external Web monitoring service and client (Browser) access |
| Grafana | 8686 | the grafana_collector communication port, used to export the Dashboard as the PDF format |
| Kafka_exporter | 9308 | the Kafka_exporter communication port, used to monitor the binlog Kafka cluster |
Web browser requirements
TiDB relies on Grafana to provide visualization of database metrics. A recent version of Internet Explorer, Chrome or Firefox with Javascript enabled is sufficient.
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